Hydrocarbons contain various organic compounds that are mainly made up of H and C. In these molecules, the hydrogen-carbon bond is a covalent bond. (There is no ionic bond.)
Sulfur (S), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) atoms are usually present in hydrocarbons as carbon substitutes. The higher the amount of sulfur in the hydrocarbon compound, the more it changes its physical behavior and causes corrosion. Compounds get heavier and oil refining becomes harder. The fewer the alternative elements in hydrocarbons, the lighter and purer the crude oil.

Types of oil-producing hydrocarbons:

Paraffin hydrocarbons (alkalis)

Alkalis are the simplest and lightest molecules of paraffin series, they are simple bonds, they are saturated hydrocarbons, they are chain or linear molecules, they can have side branches or they cannot be branches. Light paraffins are specific to natural gases, and heavier types are found in crude oil. The simplest is methane (CH4).
Usually 5 carbs are for gases, but 2 to 3 carbs are liquid.

2- Petroleum hydrocarbons (cycloalkalins or cycloparafin)

The simplest are hydrocarbons, simple, saturated bonds, can have a lateral branch, and the condensate in the gases is scarce but more abundant in crude oil. The purer the crude oil, the more oil there is.

3- Aromatic (aromatic) hydrocarbons

Circular hydrocarbons with a double and simple bond have a benzene structural unit and are unsaturated.

4- Asphaltic hydrocarbons

It consists of a combination of a large number of aromatic ring molecules, together with elements O, N, S, which are generally very heavy and unsaturated and do not have a specific general formula. They are mostly low-quality and concentrated in heavy crude oil or found in solid oils (natural asphalt).

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